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Monday, 09 November 2009 22:54 |
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Complications Of Otitis Media In Indigenous And Non-Indigenous Children
O'Connor TE, Perry CF, Lannigan FJ, 2009
In Australia, three to five children die each year because of otitis media complications, and 15 children will suffer permanent hearing loss each year as a result of otitis media. Extracranial complications occur most commonly, and include mastoiditis, cholesteatoma and otitis media with perforation. Intracranial complications are less common, and include meningitis, brain abscess and lateral sinus thrombosis. In Australia, approximately 60% of extracranial and intracranial complications of otitis media occur in children. The contrasting rates of childhood otitis media among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children have implications for the frequency and types of complications occurring in both groups. Otitis media with effusion and acute otitis media predominate among non-Indigenous children, whereas chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) occurs most commonly among Indigenous children. The incidence of mastoiditis in Australia is low by international standards (2/100 000 children), but cholesteatoma rates among Indigenous children in Australia are higher than previously estimated (up to 10% in CSOM). A high rate of chronic tympanic membrane perforation occurs among Indigenous children, estimated to be as high as 80%. Intracranial complications of otitis media are uncommon, but are potentially life-threatening and are more likely to occur among Indigenous than non-Indigenous children. Reduced access to medical care, lower socioeconomic status and remote living conditions mean that levels of early childhood hearing loss among Indigenous children are likely to be underestimated. This has implications for early childhood speech and language development and education.
Medical Journal of Australia; 191(9): S60-4
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About Us
On This Day in Indigenous History
Thursday, 05 September 1991
ILO Convention 169 Comes into Force
On This Day: In 1991 the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 came into force. It is an International Labour Organization Convention, also known as ILO Convention 169, or C169. It is the major binding international convention concerning indigenous peoples, and a forerunner of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Only 21 countries have ratified the Convention, while the United States, Canada, Australia, Russia, and many other countries have failed to adopt its binding guidelines.
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