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Friday, 27 November 2009 07:40

Third Latin American Meeting: Local Governments In Indian Territory - "TEKOHÁRE"


Public greeting from the Second Vice President of the Senate

Asuncion, Paraguay

Translated from Spanish, Original Below

Excellency the President of the Republic of Paraguay, Don Fernando Lugo.

Your Excellency, Mr. Miguel Angel Nieto Cortizo Ambassador Spain.

Don Saturnino Figueroa, President of the Guatemalan Association Indigenous Mayors and Authorities.

Don Julio Yukilema, Director of Development Council Nationalities and Peoples of Ecuador.

Acavei Hipolito, President of the Coordinating Committee for the Self-Determination of Indigenous Peoples.

Don Bartolomé Clavero, Member of the Permanent Forum Indigenous Issues United Nations.

I am delighted to lead this greeting particularly local authorities, and representatives of the original peoples of our America that congregate in this Third Latin American Meeting of Local Government Indigenous Territories: Tekohare.

I particularly welcome the timely initiative of organizing this event would not have been possible without the Coordinating Committee for the Self-Determination of Indigenous Peoples (ICSC), with support Development Council of Peoples and Nationalities Ecuador (CODENPE), the Guatemalan Association of Mayors and Indigenous Authorities (AGAAI), the National Coordinator Pastoral Indígena del Paraguay (CONAPI), under the auspices of the Spanish Agency of International Development Cooperation (AECI) in close cooperation with the National Government.

The theme of this Third Latin American Meeting revolves around a central issue, crucial to the full development of peoples Indians of Paraguay and Latin, so if I may I would point out some considerations about it. Indeed the problem of land and territoriality is closely linked usufruct of land as a condition of being of the people Indians. For indigenous peoples land is not a commodity but a gift given to the development of life, therefore no should be subject to speculation or irrational exploitation. The is for the native land, our America as a whole, its tekoha, its karuha his vyaa, and the place where religious rites are held communion with gifts of nature.

The National Constitution of Paraguay guarantees "the right to communal ownership of land in extent and quality sufficient for the conservation and development of its forms peculiar life "(Article 64) And later in the same article constitutional responsibility is required of the State, ie the three branches of government, not just the executive: "The state will provide free of these lands, which will be indefeasible, indivisible, inalienable, not likely to ensure contractual obligations or be leased: likewise exempt from taxation "This article concludes prohibiting "" The removal or transfer of their habitat without the express their consent."

In light of these constitutional principles, a condemnation of attempt to evict the Indians from their lands, under pressure companies that seek not only economic benefits caring about human life of these brothers and sisters who have preceded the formation of the Paraguayan State in this land ancestral. Similarly, advances in agriculture machined to ancestral territories seriously jeopardizes water sources and food of indigenous communities, even to the events that fall under the tax investigation as in the case of San Juan Nepomuceno and the recent case under research in the District of Alto Parana Itakyry fumigation with agro toxic on the indigenous population.

Importantly, this process of cultural change with the great dialogue with the people, the Ñemongeta Guazú, the Lord President Fernando Lugo pledged to promote as a priority program and as has been developed, to guarantee indigenous peoples the right customary to accompany them in their habitat and their claims of self-determination and dignity of peoples Indians.

Is a demand for respect and recognition to a history of cruel and ruthless exploitation that demands structural changes accompanied by changes in attitude to take an ethics justice and redress historic Paraguayan society is forced to do.

History of struggle of indigenous peoples in Paraguay. Since the beginning of the conquest, the Indians of Paraguay have heroically defended the right to sovereignty over their territories, even distorting history has sought to present as a "Alliance" with the colonial invader. On the walls of the Cathedral of Asuncion will see a monolith that presents this chimera alliance. But historical research has shown that from the beginning resisted and revolted in several opportunities. Indian Uprising Movement found throughout colonial history, movements Indians who were repressed with cruelty without limits.

The struggle of native peoples by the sovereignty of its territories, has continued for the violations of their habitat have grown at a pace that is growing rampant appetite model neoliberal capitalism. Despite 500 years of presence call civilization, despite the industrial and technological development that enriched the few, indigenous peoples are threatened as never before death, because they are expelled binge of its territories in the name of progress. Indeed, this reality is a challenge, which we have face, with determination and courage. It must be the followers of a history of death and dispossession, but we must reverse history to put a definitive end to many abuses. The unity of the indigenous peoples of America.

This is the time for America, but American Indians and marginalized. This is time at last, indigenous people assume their roles starring alongside brothers and sisters with whom they share blood and culture, the continent's impoverished farmers.

The creation of a new America and contribution of America to a new world will not be possible without the Indigenous Peoples America are the new political subjects with whom one has to knead the new man and new world, giving final death economic model, fed into a culture and ideology utilitarian nature and its resources.

Without land and territory native peoples are doomed to disappearance, as many of our brothers have disappeared in the territory of our America. And in our own Paraguay, many ethnic groups in our America gone!.

It is sad to remember that on the eve of the bicentennial of our Independence. But with the unit of Peoples, with their autonomous political organizations, with their resistance and recovery of their territories, based on their identity and culture will be born alternative model of society at the height of human dignity. Indigenous Brothers and Sisters of America! I greet in you that long history of struggle, and aspirations of a people, that on this ground begins to walk down new paths. Roads they are full of hurdles and obstacles, but with the globalization of continental solidarity, forge just America, America India, Latin without exclusion.

Together we will make our "tekoháre" becomes the "yvy marae 'and' land without evil of our ancestors.

I am convinced that this meeting will increase awareness of that the struggle for territory and self-determination Indians is a challenge for states and peoples who up, and at the same time, management of local Local governments in territories of indigenous peoples with a participatory management that respects the identity and customs native, strengthens the democratic, pluralistic, participatory, representative and multi-ethnic.

Thanks for coming to Paraguay, and to effectuate the recovery process the dignity of native peoples.

Thank you very much.

Spanish Original

Excelentísimo Señor Presidente de la República del Paraguay, Don Fernando Lugo.

Su excelencia, Don Miguel Angel Cortizo Nieto, Embajador de España.

Don Saturnino Figueroa, Presidente de la Asociación Guatemalteca de Alcaldes y Autoridades Indígenas.

Don Julio Yukilema, Director del Consejo de Desarrollo de las Nacionalidades y Pueblos del Ecuador.

Don Hipòlito Acavei, Presidente de la Coordinadora por la Autodeterminación de los Pueblos Indígenas.

Don Bartolomé Clavero, Miembro del Foro Permanente para Cuestiones Indígenas de las Naciones Unidas.

Me complace enormemente poder dirigir este saludo de bienvenida en particular a las autoridades locales, y representantes de los pueblos originarios de nuestra América que se congregan en este Tercer Encuentro Latinoamericano de Gobiernos Locales en Territorios Indígenas: Tekohare.

Quisiera saludar muy especialmente la feliz iniciativa de organizar este evento que no hubiera sido posible sin la Coordinadora por la Autodeterminación de los Pueblos Indígenas (CAPI), con el apoyo del Consejo de Desarrollo de los Pueblos y Nacionalidades del Ecuador (CODENPE), la Asociación Guatemalteca de Alcaldes y Autoridades Indígenas (AGAAI), la Coordinadora Nacional de Pastoral Indígena del Paraguay (CONAPI), y el auspicio de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID) en estrecha cooperación con el Gobierno Nacional. El tema de este III Encuentro Latinoamericano gira en torno a un tema central, fundamental para el desarrollo pleno de los pueblos indígenas del Paraguay y de América, por eso si me permiten quisiera señalar algunas consideraciones al respecto. En efecto el problema de las tierras y la territorialidad está estrechamente ligado al usufructo de la tierra como condición del ser de los pueblos indígenas. Para los Pueblos indígenas la tierra no es una mercancía sino un don recibido para el desarrollo de la vida, por lo tanto no debe someterse a la especulación o su explotación irracional. La tierra es para el indígena, de nuestra América toda, su tekoha, su karuha, su vyaa, y el lugar en la que se celebran los ritos religiosos de comunión con los dones recibidos de la naturaleza.

La Constitución Nacional del Paraguay garantiza “el derecho a la propiedad comunitaria de la tierra, en extensión y calidad suficientes para la conservación y el desarrollo de sus formas peculiares de vida”(Art. 64) Y más adelante en el mismo artículo constitucional, se precisa la responsabilidad del Estado, es decir de los tres poderes del Estado, y no sólo del Ejecutivo: “El estado les proveerá gratuitamente de estas tierras, las cuales serán inembargables, indivisibles, intransferibles, imprescriptibles, no susceptibles de garantizar obligaciones contractuales ni ser arrendadas: así mismo estarán exentas de tributo” Este artículo concluye prohibiendo” “la remoción o traslado de su hábitat sin el expreso consentimiento de los mismos.”

A la luz de estos principios constitucionales, es condenable la pretensión de desalojar a los indígenas de sus tierras, bajo la presión de empresas, que buscan tan sólo beneficios económicos sin importarles la vida humana de estos hermanos y hermanas que han precedido a la conformación del Estado Paraguayo en estas tierras ancestrales. En el mismo sentido, los avances de la agricultura mecanizada hacia territorios ancestrales pone en riesgo seriamente las fuentes de agua y alimentos de las comunidades indígenas, llegando incluso a hechos que caen bajo la investigación fiscal como en el caso de San Juan Nepomuceno y el reciente caso bajo investigación en el Distrito de Itakyry Alto Paraná por fumigación con agro tóxicos sobre la población indígena.

Es importante destacar que en este proceso de cambio generado con el gran diálogo con el pueblo, los Ñemongeta Guazú, el Señor Presidente de la República Fernando Lugo se comprometió a impulsar como programa prioritario y tal como se viene desarrollando, garantizar a los pueblos indígenas el derecho consuetudinario a sus hábitat y acompañarlos en sus reivindicaciones de autodeterminación y la dignidad de los pueblos indígenas.

Es una exigencia de respeto y de reconocimiento a una historia de explotación cruel y despiadada que nos exige cambios estructurales, acompañados de cambios de mentalidad para asumir una ética de justicia y reparación histórica que la sociedad paraguaya está obligada a realizar.

Historia de lucha de los pueblos indígenas en Paraguay.

Desde el comienzo de la conquista, los indígenas del Paraguay, han defendido con heroísmo el derecho a la soberanía de sus territorios, aunque falseando la historia se ha pretendido presentar como una “alianza” con el invasor colonial. En las paredes de la Catedral de Asunción podrán ver un monolito que presenta esta quimera de alianza. Sin embargo la investigación histórica ha demostrado que desde el principio resistieron y se sublevaron en varias oportunidades. Movimientos de levantamientos indígenas encontramos a lo largo de la historia colonial, movimientos indígenas que fueron reprimidos con crueldad sin límites. La lucha de los pueblos originarios por la soberanía de sus territorios, ha continuado porque los atropellos a sus hábitat han crecido al ritmo que crece la apetencia desenfrenada del modelo neoliberal capitalista. A pesar de 500 años de presencia de la llamada civilización, a pesar del desarrollo industrial y tecnológico que enriqueció a unos pocos, los pueblos indígenas están amenazados como nunca de muerte, porque son expulsados compulsivamente de sus territorios en nombre del progreso.

Verdaderamente, esta realidad constituye un desafío, al que debemos enfrentarnos, con decisión y coraje. No debemos ser los continuadores de una historia de muerte y despojo, sino debemos de revertir la historia para poner fin definitivamente a tantos atropellos. La unidad de los Pueblos indígenas de América.

Esta es la hora de América, pero la América india y marginada. Esta es la hora que por fin, los pueblos indígenas asumen su rol protagónico, junto a hermanos y hermanas con quienes comparten sangre y cultura, los campesinos empobrecidos del Continente. La creación de una nueva América y el aporte de América a un nuevo mundo, no será posible sin que los Pueblos indígenas de América sean los nuevos sujetos políticos con quienes se ha de amasar el nuevo hombre y el nuevo mundo, que dé muerte definitiva al modelo económico, alimentada en una cultura e ideología utilitaria de la naturaleza y sus recursos.

Sin tierra y territorio los pueblos originarios están condenados a la desaparición, como ya han desaparecido muchos hermanos nuestros en el territorio de nuestra América. ¡Y en nuestro propio Paraguay, en nuestra América cuántas etnias han desaparecido!.

Es triste recordar esto en los umbrales del Bicentenario de nuestra Independencia. Pero con la unidad de los Pueblos Originarios, con sus organizaciones políticas autónomas, con su resistencia y la recuperación de sus territorios, base de su identidad y cultura, nacerá un modelo de sociedad alternativo a la altura de la dignidad humana. ¡Hermanos y Hermanas indígenas de América! quiero saludar en ustedes esa larga historia de lucha, y las aspiraciones de un pueblo, que en esta tierra comienza a caminar por nuevos caminos. Caminos que están llenos de trabas y obstáculos, pero con la globalización de la solidaridad continental, forjaremos la América justa, la América India, la América sin excluidos.

Juntos haremos que nuestro “tekoháre” se transforme en el “yvy marae`y”, la tierra sin mal de nuestros antepasados.

Estoy convencido de que esté encuentro hará crecer la conciencia de que la lucha por los territorios y autodeterminación de los pueblos indígenas es un desafío para los Estados y los pueblos que lo conforman, y al mismo tiempo, la administración territorial de los gobiernos locales en territorios de los pueblos indígenas con una gestión participativa que respete la identidad y las costumbres autóctonas, fortalece el sistema democrático, pluralista, participativo, representativo y pluriétnico.

Gracias por venir a Paraguay, y dar vigor al proceso de recuperación de la dignidad de los pueblos originarios.

Muchas Gracias.


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